آموزش زبان اسپانیایی
گستره جغرافیایی این زبان وسیع‌تر از آن چیزی است که به نظر می‌آید. زبان اسپانیایی مانند زبان فرانسه، ایتالیایی، رومانیایی و پرتغالی جزء زبان‌های رومی است که از لاتین عامیانه گرفته شده‌اند. زبان اسپانیایی یکی از 6 زبان رسمی سازمان ملل است. اسپانیایی زبان رسمی 20 کشور زیر است: آرژانتین، بولیوی، شیلی، کلمبیا، کاستاریکا، کوبا، جمهوری دومینیکن، اکوادور، السالوادور، گینه استوایی، گواتمالا، هندوراس، مکزیک، نیکاراگوئه، پاناما، پاراگوئه، پرو، اسپانیا، اروگوئه و ونزوئلا. در ایالات‌متحده، بلیز، آندورا و جبل‌الطارق هم زبان اسپانیایی رایج است، اما زبان رسمی نیست.
الفبای زبان اسپانیایی
| etter | Context | IPA | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| b or v | word-initial after a pause, or after ⟨m⟩ or ⟨n⟩ | [b] | bestia; embuste; vaca; envidia |
| elsewhere (i.e. after a vowel, even across a word boundary, or after any consonant other than ⟨m⟩ or ⟨n⟩) | [β] | bebé; obtuso; vivir; curva; mi bebé; mi vaca[14] | |
| c | before ⟨e⟩ or ⟨i⟩ | [θ] (central and northern Spain) or [s] (most other regions)[15] |
cereal; encima |
| elsewhere | [k] | casa; claro; vaca; escudo | |
| before voiced consonants | [ɣ] | anécdota | |
| ch | everywhere[16] | [tʃ] or [ʃ] (depending upon the dialect) | ocho; chícharo |
| d | word-initial after a pause, or after ⟨l⟩ or ⟨n⟩ | [d] | dedo; cuando; aldaba |
| elsewhere | [ð] | dádiva; arder; admirar; mi dedo; verdad[14] | |
| f | everywhere | [f] | fase; café |
| g | before ⟨e⟩ or ⟨i⟩ | [x] or [h] | general |
| not before ⟨e⟩ or ⟨i⟩, and either word-initial after a pause, or after ⟨n⟩ | [ɡ] | gato; grande; vengo | |
| not before ⟨e⟩ or ⟨i⟩, and not in the above contexts | [ɣ] | trigo; amargo; signo; mi gato[14] | |
| gu | before ⟨a⟩ or ⟨o⟩, and either word-initial after a pause, or after ⟨n⟩ | [ɡw] | guante; lengua |
| before ⟨a⟩ or ⟨o⟩, and not in the above contexts | [ɣw] | agua; averiguar[14] | |
| before ⟨e⟩ or ⟨i⟩, and either word-initial after a pause, or after ⟨n⟩ | [ɡ] | guerra | |
| before ⟨e⟩ or ⟨i⟩, and not in the above contexts | [ɣ] | sigue[14] | |
| gü | before ⟨e⟩ or ⟨i⟩, and either word-initial after a pause, or after ⟨n⟩ | [ɡw] | güero, pingüino |
| before ⟨e⟩ or ⟨i⟩, and not in the above contexts | [ɣw] | averigüe[14] | |
| h | everywhere | (silent)[17] | hoy; hacer; prohibir; huevo; hielo |
| everywhere; occurs in loanwords and foreign proper names | [x] or [h] | hámster, hawaiano, hachís, yihad, harakiri, Yokohama | |
| hi | before a vowel | [j] or [ʝ] | hierba; hielo |
| hu | before a vowel | [w] | hueso; huevo[18] |
| j | everywhere | [x] or [h] | jamón; eje; reloj;[19] |
| k | rare; only occurs in a few loanwords and sensational spellings | [k] | kilo, karate, okupa |
| l | everywhere | [l] | lino; alhaja; principal |
| ll | everywhere | [ʎ], [ʝ] or [dʒ] (depending upon the dialect) | llave; pollo |
| m | everywhere except word-finally | [m] | madre; comer; campo[20] |
| word-final | [n] or [ŋ] (depending upon the dialect) | álbum | |
| n | sin | ||
| everywhere but before other consonants | [n] | nido; anillo; anhelo | |
| before other consonants[20] | [m] [ɱ] [n] [ɲ] [ŋ] |
invierno confite mundo enyesar cinco |
|
| ñ | everywhere | [ɲ] | ñandú; cabaña[20] |
| p | everywhere | [p] | pozo; topo; esposa |
| in the consonant cluster ⟨pt⟩[citation needed] | [β] | optimista | |
| qu | only occurs before ⟨e⟩ or ⟨i⟩ | [k] | quise |
| r | word-initial, morpheme-initial,[21] or after ⟨l⟩, ⟨n⟩, or ⟨s⟩, or syllable-final (especially before ⟨l⟩, ⟨m⟩, ⟨n⟩, ⟨s⟩, ⟨t⟩, or ⟨d⟩) and word-final positions (before pause or consonant-initial words only) |
[r] | rumbo; honra; subrayar; amor puro |
| elsewhere (sometimes word-initial (after a pause or consonant-ending words only), morpheme-initial (when preceded by prefixes ending in consonants), or after ⟨l⟩, ⟨n⟩, or ⟨s⟩, or syllable-final positions, and word-final positions before vowel-initial words only) | [ɾ] | caro; bravo; partir; amor eterno | |
| rr | only occurs between vowels | [r] | carro |
| s | before a voiced consonant (e.g. ⟨l⟩, ⟨m⟩, ⟨d⟩) | [z] | isla; mismo; desde; deshuesar[22] |
| everywhere else | [s] | saco; casa; deshora; espita[22] | |
| sh | Not considered to be a Spanish digraph (hence words like sherpa, show, flash are considered extranjerismos crudos), but used in proper names from other languages, some of them being accentuated in the Spanish manner (names from Native American languages or from languages using non-Latin writing systems) | [ʃ] or [tʃ] (sometimes [s]) | Áncash; Shanghái; shah, Washington |
| t | everywhere | [t] | tamiz; átomo |
| before voiced consonants | [ð] | atmósfera | |
| tl | rare; mostly in loanwords from Nahuatl | [tl] or [tɬ] | tlapalería; cenzontle; Popocatépetl |
| tx | rare; from loanwords | [tʃ] | pintxo |
| tz | rare; from loanwords | [ts] | quetzal; Pátzcuaro |
| w | rare; in loanwords from English | [w] | waterpolo |
| rare; in loanwords from German and in Visigothic names | [b]1 | wolframio; Wamba | |
| x | between vowels and word-finally | [ks] (sometimes [gz]) | exacto; taxi; relax, exigente |
| word-initially | [s] | xenofobia | |
| before a consonant | [ks] or [s] | extremo[22][23] | |
| in some words borrowed from Nahuatl, mostly place names, and in some Spanish proper names conserving archaic spelling | [x] or [h] | México; Oaxaca; xiote; Texas; La Axarquía; Ximena; Ximénez; Mexía; Roxas | |
| in some words from indigenous American languages, mostly place names | [ʃ] or [tʃ] (sometimes [s]) | Xela; xocoyote | |
| y | as a semivowel (almost always in a diphthong) | [i] or [j] | hay, soy |
| as a consonant | [j], [ʝ], or [dʒ] | ya; yelmo; ayuno[14] | |
| z | usually does not occur before ⟨e⟩ or ⟨i⟩ | [θ] (central and northern Spain) or [s] (most other regions)[15] |
zorro; paz; caza |
| before voiced consonants | [ð] (central and northern Spain) or [z] (most other regions)[15] | jazmín, juzgado, Aznar |
منابع آموزشی زبان اسپانیایی
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دانلود کتاب دیکشنری اسپانیایی-انگلیسی
دوره های زبان اسپانیایی
کلیه دوره های آموزشی زبان اسپانیایی، برای کلیه سطوح و سنین، به صورت خصوصی برگزار می گردد و تعداد جلسات در هفته و نحوه برگزاری آنها بر اساس توافق با زبان آموز صورت می پذیرد. دوره های زبان اسپانیایی شامل پکیج هایی با تعداد جلسات 28 و 42 و 84 می باشد و مدت زمان هر جلسه 90 دقیقه می باشد.
